Volume concentration of pigments (SOP) it is the ratio of the volume of the pigment to the sum of the volumes of the pigment and the binder, expressed as a percentage.

How do some coating properties change in …

Which grades of gold leaf remain durable outside the building also without a protective coating?
Only gold leaf species can survive outdoors without a protective coating …

Please explain, why coating removers can be used to remove coatings containing alkyd resins as a binder.
Alkyd resins are esters, which are saponified under the influence of removers and thus become soluble in …

Material characteristics

Thanks to the ease of installation and low price, corrugated sheets are more and more often used for single roofs- and gable. These slabs are made of a homogeneous mixture of asphalt (46%), fibers …

What are the groups of sealing materials?
Sealing materials are divided into three groups:

1. Hardenable materials – delivered plastic, then hardened.
2. Art materials – retaining the name given to them …

Plasterboard wall linings replace the traditional wet plastering. The use of cladding improves the acoustic parameters of the interior, allows you to significantly speed up finishing work and get a perfectly smooth wall surface.

Varieties …

Reaction to fire applies to products, and fire resistance to the structure. When characterizing these two concepts, the following critical elements should be mentioned:

Fire resistance
• rise of temperature
• collapse …

Paints are binder mixtures, pigment and solvent, with additives improving the quality of the coating.

Depending on the type of substrate, paints should meet additional requirements:

• For walls – should be resistant to …