One of the three basic passive systems is the compilation system, combining direct and indirect way of heating rooms with solar radiation. It depends on this, That …

Unlike active systems, in passive systems, special installations are unnecessary, in which the intermediate medium circulates. The role of collectors in these systems is played by glazing and …

Before commencing work on the installation of the roof covering, it is necessary to check, whether the roof frame is properly assembled (in accordance with the technical documentation). Fixing battens or purlins, constituting the direct basis of the covering, they should create …

Due to the unusual nature of the security works and the very wide scope of technical issues involved, the development of a concept for securing the hill and the castle itself in Niedzica was commissioned to a team of cathedrals. …

The process of damage to the building began even in earlier times. At that time, attempts were made to stabilize the monument by strengthening the shore with a stone rip-rap, and the building is supported by brick escarpments from the river side. These measures …

Many monuments are located near flowing streams or rivers, and some on the shores of lakes or bodies of water. Monuments by the rivers in the old days were significantly moved away from the coastline. …

Buildings set shallowly on clay soil are subject to various displacements in their individual parts, to put it very simply, due to shrinkage and swelling of clay (87). Soil layers in dry and hot …

Reinforcement of damaged historical buildings

Starting works related to the strengthening of damaged historical buildings, the initial activity should be to stabilize the occurring deformations of movements and foundations. In terms of technical work, conservation guidelines must be observed …